Hướng dẫn code LAB CCNA

   Chào các bạn hôm nay mình sẽ trình bày một ví dụ thực tế liên quan đến người quản trị mạng cho doanh nghiệp.

Đề bài như sau:
  Cho physical topology:

your company has recieverd a class C network address of 192.168.10.0
Yêu cầu:
 How many collision domains?
 How many hosts per subnet can be used?
 Basic configuration (Routers and Switchs): Hostname; Password: console, enable, telnet; banner motd; interface address
 Configuration the server and Clients and Computers

Hướng dẫn:
Các địa chỉ loopback dành cho mở rộng hay nghiên cứu, ta có thể chọn 1 dải địa chỉ riêng bất kỳ để đặt(ko trùng với các địa chỉ trong các mạng con).
Giả sử mình chia mạng topo trên theo Equal Subneting như trên hình vẽ
 Collision domains: dựa vào các liên kết của tất cả các thiết bị lớp 2 (switch, hub, ...) : 35
 hosts per subnet = 2^n - 2
Sau đây mình sẽ hướng dẫn cấu hình R & S:
Configurate Router1:
Router>ena
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname Router1
>>Assign password : console, telnet, enable
Router1(config)#line console 0
Router1(config-line)#pass
Router1(config-line)#password ccna
Router1(config-line)#login
Router1(config-line)#line vty 0 4
Router1(config-line)#pass
Router1(config-line)#password cisco
Router1(config-line)#login
Router1(config-line)#exit
Router1(config)#enable password ccna
>>Banner motd:
Router1(config)#banner motd 'Welcome to Router1'
>>Interface address:
Router1(config)#do show ip interf br
Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol

FastEthernet0/0        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

FastEthernet0/1        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Vlan1                  unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down
Router1(config)#interf f0/0
Router1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.224
Router1(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Configurate Router2:

Tương tụ như Router1

Router>enable

Router#conf ter

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname Router2

Router2(config)#ena pass ccna

Router2(config)#line console 0

Router2(config-line)#pass ccna

Router2(config-line)#login

Router2(config-line)#line vty 0 4

Router2(config-line)#pass cisco

Router2(config-line)#login

Router2(config-line)#exit

Router2(config)#banner motd 'Welcome to Router2'

Router2(config-if)#interf f0/0

Router2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.3 255.255.255.224

Router2(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Router2(config-if)#interf s0/3/0

Router2(config-if)#description 'Connect to Router4'

Router2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.33 255.255.255.224

Router2(config-if)#no shut

Router2(config-if)#clock rate 64000

Configurate Router3:

Router>ena

Router#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname Router3

Router3(config)#enable password ccna

Router3(config)#line console 0

Router3(config-line)#pass ccna

Router3(config-line)#login

Router3(config-line)#line vty 0 4

Router3(config-line)#pass cisco

Router3(config-line)#login

Router3(config-line)#do show ip interf br

Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol

FastEthernet0/0        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

FastEthernet0/1        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Serial0/1/0            unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Serial0/1/1            unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Vlan1                  unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Router3(config-line)#exit

Router3(config)#interf f0/0

Router3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.4 255.255.255.224

Router3(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Router3(config-if)#interf s0/1/0

Router3(config-if)#description 'Connect to Router5'

Router3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.65 255.255.255.224

Router3(config-if)#no shut

Router3(config-if)#clock rate 64000

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1/0, changed state to down

Configurate Router4:

Router>ena

Router#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname Router4

Router4(config)#ena pass ccna

Router4(config-line)#line vty 0 4

Router4(config-line)#pass cisco

Router4(config-line)#login

Router4(config-line)#line console 0

Router4(config-line)#pass ccna

Router4(config-line)#login

Router4(config-line)#exit

Router4(config)#do show ip interf br

Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol

FastEthernet0/0        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

FastEthernet0/1        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Serial0/1/0            unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Serial0/1/1            unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Vlan1                  unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Router4(config)#interf s0/1/0

Router4(config-if)#description 'Connect to Router2'

Router4(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.34 255.255.255.224

Router4(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1/0, changed state to up

Router4(config-if)#interf

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1/0, changed state to up

Router4(config-if)#interf f0/0

Router4(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.97 255.255.255.224

Router4(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Configurate Router5:

Router>ena

Router#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname Router5

Router5(config)#ena pass ccna

Router5(config)#line console 0

Router5(config-line)#pass ccna

Router5(config-line)#login

Router5(config-line)#line vty 0 4

Router5(config-line)#pass cisco

Router5(config-line)#login

Router5(config-line)#exit

Router5(config)#banner motd 'Welcome to Router5'

Router5(config)#do show ip interf br

Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol

FastEthernet0/0        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

FastEthernet0/1        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Serial0/1/0            unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Serial0/1/1            unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Vlan1                  unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Router5(config)#interf s0/1/0

Router5(config-if)#description 'Connect to Router2'

Router5(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.66 255.255.255.224

Router5(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1/0, changed state to up

Router5(config-if)#

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1/0, changed state to up

Router5(config-if)#interf s0/1/1

Router5(config-if)#decription 'Connect to Router6'

                     ^

% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.

Router5(config-if)#description 'Connect to Router6'

Router5(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.161 255.255.255.224

Router5(config-if)#no shut

Router5(config-if)#clock rate 64000

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1/1, changed state to down

Router5(config-if)#interf f0/0

Router5(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.129 255.255.255.224

Router5(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Configurate Router6:

Router>ena

Router#conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname Router6

Router6(config)#ena pass ccna

Router6(config)#line console 0

Router6(config-line)#pass ccna

Router6(config-line)#login

Router6(config-line)#line vty 0 4

Router6(config-line)#pass cisco

Router6(config-line)#login

Router6(config-line)#exit

Router6(config)#banner motd 'Welcome to Router6'

Router6(config)#do show ip interf br

Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol

FastEthernet0/0        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

FastEthernet0/1        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Serial0/1/0            unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Serial0/1/1            unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Vlan1                  unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down

Router6(config)#interf s0/1/0

Router6(config-if)#description 'Connect to Router5'

Router6(config-if)#

Router6(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.162 255.255.255.224

Router6(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1/0, changed state to up

Router6(config-if)#interf

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1/0, changed state to up

                    ^

% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.

Router6(config-if)#interf f0/0

Router6(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.193 255.255.255.224

Router6(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

Configurate Switch1:
Switch>ena
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#hostname Switch1
Switch1(config)#ena pass ccna
Switch1(config-line)#line vty 0 4
Switch1(config-line)#pass cisco
Switch1(config-line)#login
Switch1(config-line)#line console 0
Switch1(config-line)#pass ccna
Switch1(config-line)#login

Ở Switch ta chỉ đặt ip add cho vlan, trước khi đặt địa chỉ ip các bạn nên gõ lệnh show ip interface brief nhé!

Switch1(config)#interf vlan1
Switch1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.224
Switch1(config-if)#no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan1, changed state to up

Làm tương tự với Switch còn lại.

Thế là mình đã làm xong phần topo mạng, tiếp theo là hội tụ chúng. Ở đây có nhiều cách, nhưng mình dùng RIPv2 (các bạn có thể dùng EIGRP-cái này cũng tương tự, nếu cho địa chỉ loopback thì ko dùng RIPv1 được do mạng ko liền kề):

Router1:

Router1(config)#route rip

Router1(config-router)#version 2

Router1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0

Router1(config-router)#no auto-summary 

Router2:

Router2(config)#router rip

Router2(config-router)#version 2

Router2(config-router)#net 192.168.10.0

Router2(config-router)#net 192.168.10.32

Router2(config-router)#no auto-summary

Router3:

Router3(config)#router rip

Router3(config-router)#version 2

Router3(config-router)#net 192.168.10.0

Router3(config-router)#net 192.168.10.64

Router3(config-router)#no auto-summary

Router4:

Router4(config)#router rip

Router4(config-router)#version 2

Router4(config-router)#net 192.168.10.32

Router4(config-router)#net 192.168.10.96

Router4(config-router)#no auto-summary

Router5:

Router5(config)#router rip

Router5(config-router)#version 2

Router5(config-router)#net 192.168.10.64

Router5(config-router)#net 192.168.10.128

Router5(config-router)#net 192.168.10.160

Router5(config-router)#no auto-summary

Router6:

Router6(config)#router rip

Router6(config-router)#version 2

Router6(config-router)#net 192.168.10.160

Router6(config-router)#net 192.168.10.192

Router6(config-router)#no auto-summary


Như vậy là mình đã cấu hình xong! Các thông số cấu hình Server và Client các bạn làm nốt nhé!